Copyright	(c) Michael Weber <michael.weber@post.rwth-aachen.de> 2001 (c) Jeff Newbern 2003-2006 (c) Andriy Palamarchuk 2006
License	BSD-style (see the file LICENSE)
Maintainer	R.Paterson@city.ac.uk
Stability	experimental
Portability	portable
Safe Haskell	Safe
Language	Haskell98

Control.Monad.Trans.Error

Contents

The ErrorT monad transformer
Error operations
Lifting other operations
Examples
Orphan instances

Description

Deprecated: Use Control.Monad.Trans.Except instead

This monad transformer adds the ability to fail or throw exceptions to a monad.

A sequence of actions succeeds, producing a value, only if all the actions in the sequence are successful. If one fails with an error, the rest of the sequence is skipped and the composite action fails with that error.

If the value of the error is not required, the variant in Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe may be used instead.

Note: This module will be removed in a future release. Instead, use Control.Monad.Trans.Except , which does not restrict the exception type, and also includes a base exception monad.

Synopsis

class Error a where
- noMsg :: a
- strMsg :: String -> a
class ErrorList a where
- listMsg :: String -> [a]
newtype ErrorT e m a = ErrorT {
- runErrorT :: m ( Either e a)
}
mapErrorT :: (m ( Either e a) -> n ( Either e' b)) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e' n b
throwError :: Monad m => e -> ErrorT e m a
catchError :: Monad m => ErrorT e m a -> (e -> ErrorT e m a) -> ErrorT e m a
liftCallCC :: CallCC m ( Either e a) ( Either e b) -> CallCC ( ErrorT e m) a b
liftListen :: Monad m => Listen w m ( Either e a) -> Listen w ( ErrorT e m) a
liftPass :: Monad m => Pass w m ( Either e a) -> Pass w ( ErrorT e m) a

The ErrorT monad transformer

class Error a where Source #

An exception to be thrown.

Minimal complete definition: noMsg or strMsg .

Minimal complete definition

Nothing

Methods

noMsg :: a Source #

Creates an exception without a message. The default implementation is strMsg "" .

strMsg :: String -> a Source #

Creates an exception with a message. The default implementation of strMsg s is noMsg .

Instances

Instances details

Error IOException Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods noMsg :: IOException Source # strMsg :: String -> IOException Source #
ErrorList a => Error [a] Source #	A string can be thrown as an error.
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods noMsg :: [a] Source # strMsg :: String -> [a] Source #

class ErrorList a where Source #

Workaround so that we can have a Haskell 98 instance Error String .

Methods

listMsg :: String -> [a] Source #

Instances

Instances details

ErrorList Char Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods listMsg :: String -> [ Char ] Source #

newtype ErrorT e m a Source #

The error monad transformer. It can be used to add error handling to other monads.

The ErrorT Monad structure is parameterized over two things:

e - The error type.
m - The inner monad.

The return function yields a successful computation, while >>= sequences two subcomputations, failing on the first error.

Constructors

ErrorT
Fields runErrorT :: m ( Either e a)

Instances

Instances details

MonadTrans ( ErrorT e) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods lift :: Monad m => m a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Monad m, Error e) => Monad ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods (>>=) :: ErrorT e m a -> (a -> ErrorT e m b) -> ErrorT e m b Source # (>>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m b Source # return :: a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
Functor m => Functor ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b Source # (<$) :: a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( MonadFix m, Error e) => MonadFix ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods mfix :: (a -> ErrorT e m a) -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Monad m, Error e) => MonadFail ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods fail :: String -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Functor m, Monad m) => Applicative ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods pure :: a -> ErrorT e m a Source # (<>) :: ErrorT e m (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b Source # liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m c Source # (>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m b Source # (<*) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source #
Foldable f => Foldable ( ErrorT e f) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods fold :: Monoid m => ErrorT e f m -> m Source # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ErrorT e f a -> m Source # foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ErrorT e f a -> m Source # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ErrorT e f a -> b Source # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ErrorT e f a -> a Source # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ErrorT e f a -> a Source # toList :: ErrorT e f a -> [a] Source # null :: ErrorT e f a -> Bool Source # length :: ErrorT e f a -> Int Source # elem :: Eq a => a -> ErrorT e f a -> Bool Source # maximum :: Ord a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source # minimum :: Ord a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source # sum :: Num a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source # product :: Num a => ErrorT e f a -> a Source #
Traversable f => Traversable ( ErrorT e f) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> ErrorT e f a -> f0 ( ErrorT e f b) Source # sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => ErrorT e f (f0 a) -> f0 ( ErrorT e f a) Source # mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ErrorT e f a -> m ( ErrorT e f b) Source # sequence :: Monad m => ErrorT e f (m a) -> m ( ErrorT e f a) Source #
Contravariant m => Contravariant ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source # (>$) :: b -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Eq e, Eq1 m) => Eq1 ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods liftEq :: (a -> b -> Bool ) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> Bool Source #
( Ord e, Ord1 m) => Ord1 ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods liftCompare :: (a -> b -> Ordering ) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b -> Ordering Source #
( Read e, Read1 m) => Read1 ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods liftReadsPrec :: ( Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS ( ErrorT e m a) Source # liftReadList :: ( Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [ ErrorT e m a] Source # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec ( ErrorT e m a) Source # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [ ErrorT e m a] Source #
( Show e, Show1 m) => Show1 ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods liftShowsPrec :: ( Int -> a -> ShowS ) -> ([a] -> ShowS ) -> Int -> ErrorT e m a -> ShowS Source # liftShowList :: ( Int -> a -> ShowS ) -> ([a] -> ShowS ) -> [ ErrorT e m a] -> ShowS Source #
( Error e, MonadIO m) => MonadIO ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods liftIO :: IO a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Functor m, Monad m, Error e) => Alternative ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods empty :: ErrorT e m a Source # (<\|>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source # some :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m [a] Source # many :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m [a] Source #
( Monad m, Error e) => MonadPlus ( ErrorT e m) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods mzero :: ErrorT e m a Source # mplus :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Eq e, Eq1 m, Eq a) => Eq ( ErrorT e m a) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods (==) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source # (/=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source #
( Ord e, Ord1 m, Ord a) => Ord ( ErrorT e m a) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods compare :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Ordering Source # (<) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source # (<=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source # (>) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source # (>=) :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> Bool Source # max :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source # min :: ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m a Source #
( Read e, Read1 m, Read a) => Read ( ErrorT e m a) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS ( ErrorT e m a) Source # readList :: ReadS [ ErrorT e m a] Source # readPrec :: ReadPrec ( ErrorT e m a) Source # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [ ErrorT e m a] Source #
( Show e, Show1 m, Show a) => Show ( ErrorT e m a) Source #
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods showsPrec :: Int -> ErrorT e m a -> ShowS Source # show :: ErrorT e m a -> String Source # showList :: [ ErrorT e m a] -> ShowS Source #

mapErrorT :: (m ( Either e a) -> n ( Either e' b)) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e' n b Source #

Map the unwrapped computation using the given function.

runErrorT (mapErrorT f m) = f (runErrorT m)

Error operations

throwError :: Monad m => e -> ErrorT e m a Source #

Signal an error value e .

runErrorT (throwError e) = return (Left e)

```
throwError e >>= m = throwError e
```

catchError Source #

Arguments

:: Monad m
=> ErrorT e m a	the inner computation
-> (e -> ErrorT e m a)	a handler for errors in the inner computation
-> ErrorT e m a

Handle an error.

```
catchError h (lift m) = lift m
```
```
catchError h (throwError e) = h e
```

Lifting other operations

liftCallCC :: CallCC m ( Either e a) ( Either e b) -> CallCC ( ErrorT e m) a b Source #

Lift a callCC operation to the new monad.

liftListen :: Monad m => Listen w m ( Either e a) -> Listen w ( ErrorT e m) a Source #

Lift a listen operation to the new monad.

liftPass :: Monad m => Pass w m ( Either e a) -> Pass w ( ErrorT e m) a Source #

Lift a pass operation to the new monad.

Examples

Wrapping an IO action that can throw an error e :

type ErrorWithIO e a = ErrorT e IO a
==> ErrorT (IO (Either e a))

An IO monad wrapped in StateT inside of ErrorT :

type ErrorAndStateWithIO e s a = ErrorT e (StateT s IO) a
==> ErrorT (StateT s IO (Either e a))
==> ErrorT (StateT (s -> IO (Either e a,s)))

Orphan instances

Error e => Alternative ( Either e) Source #
Instance details Methods empty :: Either e a Source # (<\|>) :: Either e a -> Either e a -> Either e a Source # some :: Either e a -> Either e [a] Source # many :: Either e a -> Either e [a] Source #
Error e => MonadPlus ( Either e) Source #
Instance details Methods mzero :: Either e a Source # mplus :: Either e a -> Either e a -> Either e a Source #