| Copyright |
(c) Michael Weber <michael.weber@post.rwth-aachen.de> 2001
(c) Jeff Newbern 2003-2006 (c) Andriy Palamarchuk 2006 (c) Edward Kmett 2012 |
|---|---|
| License | BSD-style (see the file LICENSE) |
| Maintainer | libraries@haskell.org |
| Stability | experimental |
| Portability | non-portable (multi-parameter type classes) |
| Safe Haskell | Safe |
| Language | Haskell2010 |
Control.Monad.Error.Class
Description
- Computation type:
- Computations which may fail or throw exceptions.
- Binding strategy:
- Failure records information about the cause/location of the failure. Failure values bypass the bound function, other values are used as inputs to the bound function.
- Useful for:
- Building computations from sequences of functions that may fail or using exception handling to structure error handling.
- Zero and plus:
- Zero is represented by an empty error and the plus operation executes its second argument if the first fails.
- Example type:
-
EitherStringa
The Error monad (also called the Exception monad).
Synopsis
- class Error a where
-
class
Monad
m =>
MonadError
e m | m -> e
where
- throwError :: e -> m a
- catchError :: m a -> (e -> m a) -> m a
- liftEither :: MonadError e m => Either e a -> m a
Documentation
Minimal complete definition
Nothing
Methods
Creates an exception without a message.
The default implementation is
.
strMsg
""
Instances
| Error IOException | |
|
Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error |
|
| ErrorList a => Error [a] |
A string can be thrown as an error. |
class Monad m => MonadError e m | m -> e where Source #
The strategy of combining computations that can throw exceptions by bypassing bound functions from the point an exception is thrown to the point that it is handled.
Is parameterized over the type of error information and
the monad type constructor.
It is common to use
as the monad type constructor
for an error monad in which error descriptions take the form of strings.
In that case and many other common cases the resulting monad is already defined
as an instance of the
Either
String
MonadError
class.
You can also define your own error type and/or use a monad type constructor
other than
or
Either
String
.
In these cases you will have to explicitly define instances of the
Either
IOError
MonadError
class.
(If you are using the deprecated
Control.Monad.Error
or
Control.Monad.Trans.Error
, you may also have to define an
Error
instance.)
Methods
throwError :: e -> m a Source #
Is used within a monadic computation to begin exception processing.
catchError :: m a -> (e -> m a) -> m a Source #
A handler function to handle previous errors and return to normal execution. A common idiom is:
do { action1; action2; action3 } `catchError` handler
where the
action
functions can call
throwError
.
Note that
handler
and the do-block must have the same return type.
Instances
liftEither :: MonadError e m => Either e a -> m a Source #
Lifts an
into any
Either
e
.
MonadError
e
do { val <- liftEither =<< action1; action2 }
where
action1
returns an
Either
to represent errors.
Since: 2.2.2